# Te Tāpiri i ngā Kī SSH ki tētahi Pae

Source: https://support.kapsulehost.com/mi-nz/adding-ssh-keys

SSH whakauru atu ki tētahi pae KapsuleHost, ko te kī anake te tikanga, nō reira i mua i tō whakatuwhera i tētahi anga rānei i tētahi wātū SFTP me rēhita koe i tētahi kī tūmatanui mō te pae i roto i KPanel. Ka kapi i tēnei aratohu te wāhi e noho ai tēnei, me pēhea te tāpiri i tētahi kī kei a koe kē, me pēhea te tono kia hangaia e KapsuleHost tētahi mō koe, ā, me pēhea te whakakati i tētahi kī kāore koe e whakapono anō ana.

## Ko te Wāhi e Noho ai te Whārangi Ngā Kī SSH

Whakatuwheratia **Ngā Paetukutuku**, pāwhiritia te pae, kātahi ka whakatuwhera i te rōpū **Tautuhinga** i te tahua mauī o te pae, ā, kōwhiritia **Ngā Kī SSH**. Ko te taitara o te whārangi ko **Whakauru SSH**, ā, e rua ngā mea kei roto: ko ngā taipitopito hononga mō tēnei pae, me te rārangi o ngā kī tūmatanui e whai mana ana i tēnei wā ki te whakamahi i aua taipitopito.

Kāore he mea SSH o te taumata mātāmua i te tahua tahaake matua. He mea ā-pae ngā kī, nō reira ko te kī ka tāpiria e koe ki konei ka whakaū anake i tēnei pae. Mēnā he maha ō pae e whakahaerehia ana e koe, me whai urunga ake tōna ake tēnā, tēnā, ahakoa he kī kotahi anō kei runga i tō rorohiko tākai.

![Te whārangi Whakauru SSH mō tētahi pae i roto i KPanel, me ōna taipitopito hononga me te rārangi o ngā kī tūmatanui kua whakamanahia](https://support.kapsulehost.com/help/screenshots/adding-ssh-keys.2a53d172.webp)

> **Note:** Me whai mana **sites:write** kia taea ai te tāpiri, te whakakati rānei i tētahi kī. Mēnā kei runga koe i tētahi pūkete tīma e whai ana i tētahi tūranga pānui anake, ka hunaia te pātene **Tāpiria he kī** me te whakaahua whakakati. Tonoa tētahi rangatira pūkete, kaiwhakahaere rānei kia whakarea te huringa.

## Ngā Taipitopito Hononga

Ko te kāri **Ngā taipitopito hononga** i te taumata o te whārangi e whakaatu ana i nga mea katoa e hiahiatia ana e tō kiritaki:

| Āpure | He aha tēnei |
|---|---|
| Host | Te ingoa kaiwhakahaere e hono atu ai |
| Port | Te tomo SSH mō tēnei pae |
| Username | Te kaiwhakamahi pūnaha e oma ai tō pae |
| SSH | He whakahau `ssh` kua rite kētia mō tēnei pae |
| SFTP | He whakahau `sftp` kua rite kētia mō tēnei pae |

He mana tāruarua kei ia rārangi, ā, ko ngā rārangi SSH me SFTP ka tāruarua i te whakahau katoa, ehara i te uara anake, nō reira ka taea e koe te whakapiri noa iho ki tētahi whārangi whakahau. Whakamahia aua mea e rua, kaua e tā tonu koe i te whakahau: kua kei roto kē i aua mea te kaiwhakamahi, te kaiwhakahaere me te tomo tika.

Mēnā kāore rawa te kāri e puta, kāore anō te pae kia oti i tōna whakarite kaiwhakamahi anga. Ka whakahokia e te API he hapa noa **Kāore te SSH kaiwhakamahi i te pokapoka**. Taria kia panuku ai te piropiro tūnga pae ki **Active**, kātahi ka whakahoki anō i te whārangi.

## Te Tāpiri i Tētahi Kī Kei A Koe Kē

Ko te nuinga o te tangata kua whai kē i tētahi takirua kī i runga i tā rātou pūrere. Tāpiria ki konei te hautanga tūmatanui.

1. I runga i tō ake rorohiko, tāia tō kī tūmatanui. I runga i macOS me Linux, ko `cat ~/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub` te tikanga, ko `cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub` ia mō tētahi kī RSA tawhito ake. I runga i Windows me OpenSSH, ko `type %USERPROFILE%\.ssh\id_ed25519.pub`.
2. Tāruaruahia te rārangi kotahi katoa, ka tīmata mai i `ssh-ed25519`, `ssh-rsa`, `ecdsa-sha2-nistp256` rānei.
3. I roto i KPanel, pāwhiritia **Tāpiria he kī**.
4. Tuhia tētahi mea māharahara ki te āpure **Label**, hei tauira ko te ingoa o te pūrere e noho ai te kī.
5. Whakapiritia te kī tūmatanui ki te āpure tuarua.
6. Pāwhiritia **Tāpiria he kī**.

Ka puta tonu te kī ki te rārangi **Authorised keys**, me tōna matawae i raro i te tapanga. Ka taea e koe te hono tonu.

Ka īmēra anō a KapsuleHost i te wāhitau pūkete ia wā ka tāpiria tētahi kī, me te whakahua i te tapanga, te matawae me te pae. He mea ata whakaritea tēnā īmēra: he nui te whakapono e hiahiatia ana e te whakauru SSH, nō reira mēnā ka puta tētahi kī kāore i tāpirihia e koe, whakakatia wawe, ā, whakarērekētia hoki tō kupuhipa.

> **Warning:** Me whakapiri koe i te kōnae `.pub` anake. Kāore he taapiritanga `.pub` kei runga i tētahi kōnae kī pūmau, ā, ka tīmata ia ki tētahi rārangi pēnei i `-----BEGIN OPENSSH PRIVATE KEY-----`. Mēnā ka whakapiritia tēnā e koe, ko tō kī pūmau tēnā, ā, me hanga anō, kaua e whakamahia anō.

### Mēnā Kāore Anō He Kī Kei A Koe

Hangaia tētahi ā-rohe mā `ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -C "your-label"`, whakaaetia te wāhi kōnae tautuhi, ā, whakaritea tētahi kīanga muna ina tonohia. Mā tēnei ka puta `~/.ssh/id_ed25519` (kia muna tonu) me `~/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub` (whakapiritia tērā).

## Te Tuku i a KapsuleHost kia Hanga i te Takirua Kī

Mēnā kāore koe e hiahia ki te whakahaere i `ssh-keygen`, ka taea e KPanel te hanga i te takirua mō koe.

1. Pāwhiritia **Tāpiria he kī**.
2. Whakakīa te āpure **Label**. Waiho noa te pouaka kī tūmatanui kia kore e whakakīa.
3. Pāwhiritia **Hangaia te Takirua Whakatūturu**.

Ka hangaia e KapsuleHost tētahi takirua Ed25519, whakaurua te hautanga tūmatanui ki te pae, ā, whakaatuhia he pānui kākāriki: **Kua hangaia te takirua whakatūturu: tango inaianei i te whakatūturu pūmau**. Pāwhiritia **Tango i te .pem** hei tiaki i te kī pūmau. Ka tapaina te kōnae ki te tapanga i kōwhiritia e koe.

> **Important:** Kotahi noa iho te wā e whakaatuhia ai te kī pūmau. E ai ki te pānui, mārama ai: koinei anake te wā e taea ai e koe te tango. Kāore a KapsuleHost e pupuri ana i tētahi tārua e taea ai e koe te tango anō i muri mai. Mēnā ka aukatihia e koe te pānui me te kore e tango, whakakatia te kī, ā, hangaia anō tētahi takirua hōu.

Kāore he kīanga muna kei runga i tētahi kī kua hangaia, koia tēnei e taea ai te whakamahi i roto i tētahi tuhinga tono me te kore e tono. Ko tōna tikanga anō, ko te kōnae ake te motini whakapono katoa. Mēnā e hiahia ana koe ki tētahi kīanga muna, hangaia tō ake takirua mā `ssh-keygen` kē, kātahi ka whakapiri i te hautanga tūmatanui.

Ka oti te tango, nekehia te kōnae ki tētahi wāhi tōtika, ā, whakapiki kia pakeke ake ōna whakaaetanga, nā te mea ka kore a SSH e whakamahi i tētahi kī pūmau e taea ai e te ao katoa te pānui:

```sh
mv ~/Downloads/my-laptop_id_ed25519.pem ~/.ssh/kapsule-mysite.pem
chmod 600 ~/.ssh/kapsule-mysite.pem
ssh -i ~/.ssh/kapsule-mysite.pem <username>@<host> -p <port>
```

Whakakapihia te ingoa kaiwhakamahi, kaiwhakahaere me te tomo mai i te kāri **Ngā taipitopito hononga**.

## Te Pānui i te Rārangi Ngā Kī Kua Whakamanahia

Ka whakaatu ia rārangi i roto i **Authorised keys**:

- Te tapanga i hoatu e koe mō te kī.
- Te matawae kī, koinei te āhua e wehe ai koe i ētahi kī e rua e rite ana ō rāua tapanga.
- **Added** me te rā i rēhitatia ai.
- **Whakamahinga whakamutunga** me te rā o te whakamotuhēhēnga tōmua rawa atu, **Kāhore anō kia whakamahia** rānei mēnā kāore anō i whakamotuhēhēhia.

Ko te pou **Whakamahinga whakamutunga** te mea whaihua i te wā whakapaipai. He kī kāore anō kia whakamahia, kua roa rānei te kore e whakamahia mō ētahi marama, he rorohiko tākai kua whakakapia, he kairīhi rānei kua neke atu.

## Te Whakakati i Tētahi Kī

Pāwhiritia te whakaahua para whero i te rārangi o te kī. Ka tono a KPanel ki a koe kia whakaū mā **Me whakakati i te whakatūturu SSH?** me tētahi kupu whakamahara e kore ai te kī e whakamotuhēhē anō ki tēnei pae. Pāwhiritia **Revoke** kia oti.

Ka whai mana te whakakati mō ngā hononga hōu. Ka kore te whakakati i te kī e patu i tētahi wātū SSH kua tuwhera kē, nō reira mēnā kei te tango koe i te urunga i tētahi tangata e hono tonu pea ana, whakakatia te kī, kātahi ka whakarērekē i tētahi mea e taea ai e rātou te kawe: ngā kupuhipa pūkete raraunga, ngā mea muna taupānga, me ngā tākene e pupuritia ana i te pae.

> **Tip:** Me poto te rārangi kī. He kī kotahi mō ia pūrere, kua tapaina ki te ingoa pūrere, he mea māmā rawa atu te tātari i tēnā i tētahi puranga kī kua tapaina "key1", "new key" me "temp".

## Te Whakatikatika Raru

**Permission denied (publickey).** Ko te take noa tonu, kei te tuku tō kiritaki i tētahi kī rerekē atu i tērā i rēhitatia e koe. Akiakihia te kī tika mā `ssh -i /path/to/private_key ...`, tirohia rānei mā `ssh -v` ko ēhea kī kei te tukuna.

**Connection refused, he wā paheke rānei.** Whakaūtia kei te whakamahi koe i te tomo e whakaatuhia ana i **Ngā taipitopito hononga**, kaua i te taumata 22. Tāruaruahia te whakahau SSH mai i te whārangi, kaua e tā.

**He kino ngā whakaaetanga kei runga i te kī pūmau.** Ka whakakāhoretia e OpenSSH tētahi kī pūmau e taea ai e ētahi atu kaiwhakamahi te pānui. Whakahaerea `chmod 600` ki runga i te kōnae.

**Ka mahi te kī mō SSH engari kāore mō SFTP.** He kotahi noa ngā motini whakapono, nō reira ko te tikanga tonu, nō te kiritaki tēnei, ehara i te kī. Whakamahia te whakahau SFTP kua tāruaruahia mai i te whārangi, kua kei roto kē i tēnā te tomo tika.

## Ko Hea Atu Ai

- [Te Tuku Kōnae mā SFTP](https://support.kapsulehost.com/mi-nz/sftp-access) e kapi ana i te taha whakawhiti kōnae o aua motini whakapono ake.
- [Te Hono atu ki Tō Pātengi Raraunga mā Tētahi Ara Huna SSH](https://support.kapsulehost.com/mi-nz/database-ssh-tunnel) e whakamahi ana i te kī i tāpiria ai e koe kia tae atu ki MySQL mai i tētahi kiritaki papamahi.
- [Te Rārangi Hātepe Pae](https://support.kapsulehost.com/mi-nz/site-activity-log) e tuhi ana i ia kī e tāpirihia ana, nō reira ka taea e koe te tirotiro ā muri ake ko wai i tāpiri i te aha, ā, i āhea.