# Te Hononga ki a Koe Cloud Server Mā roto i te SSH

Source: https://support.kapsulehost.com/mi-nz/cloud-servers-ssh-connect

SSH e whakaatu i a koe he pūtake shell i runga i tō tūmau kapua mai i tō terminal ake, ā ko ngā whakamārama katoa e hiahia ana koe hei hono mai kei te whakaatu i te whārangi o te tūmau i roto i a KPanel, kua rite hei tāruatia.

Ko te tūmau kapua he mea nōu mai i te pūnaha whakahaere ki runga ake, ko te āhuatanga o tēnei ko te rārangi whakahau te wāhi e tupu ai te mahi nui. Ka whakatakoto tēnei aratohu i te rapu i ō whakamārama hono, te hono mā te kī, te hono mā te kupuhipa, te whakarite i te kī kia tika, te whakaari pūkoro whai inaianei, me te huinga iti o ngā hapa e whakatau ana i te nuinga o ngā hono kua raupatu.

## Te Rapu i Ō Whakamārama Hono

1. Whakauru ki [KPanel](https://kpanel.kapsulehost.com).
2. Pāwhiri **Ngā Tūmau Kapua** i te pokapū taha maui, ā pēnei pāwhiri i tō tūmau.
3. Rapuhia te kāri **Hono**.

Kei roto i te kāri e toru ngā mara tāruatia-ki-te-papatohu:

| Mara | He aha tēnei |
|---|---|
| **SSH Whakahau** | He whakahau whakatotika, kua rite hei whakatakoto ki tō terminal |
| **IPv4 Adrēs** | Te adrēs IPv4 tūmatanui o te tūmau |
| **IPv6 Adrēs** | Te adrēs IPv6 o te tūmau, e whakaaturia ana ki te tohu whakarite |

![Te kāri Hono i runga i te tūmau kapua i roto i a KPanel](https://support.kapsulehost.com/help/screenshots/cloud-servers-ssh-connect.902ba66d.webp)

> **Note:** Mēnā e kōrero ana te kāri "Ko te adrēs IP ka whakaatu mai i konei i te mutunga o te whakarite", ko te tūmau tonu e hangaia ana. Ko te whakarite tūmau kapua tonutanga e tata ki te ōtahi miniti iwa kē, ā ka whakahou ake te whārangi i te wa e oti ai.

## Te Hono Mā te Kī SSH

Mēnā i whakatakoto koe i te kī tūmatanui ki te mara **Kī Tūmatanui SSH** i te wa i tīpakohia ai e koe te tūmau, kua whakarite kē te whakamārama kī ā kāore he kupuhipa hei whakatakoto.

1. Tāruatia te **SSH Whakahau** mai i te kāri Hono.
2. Whakatakoto ki tō terminal ā pēnei pāwhiri i te Enter.

```
ssh root@203.0.113.1
```

Ko tō SSH tūmau e kimi i te kī whakaringihia e tono ā ka whakamārama aunoa. Mēnā kei te wāhi tino rereketanga tō kī, whakatū tika:

```
ssh -i ~/.ssh/my-kapsule-key root@203.0.113.1
```

> **Tip:** Ko ngā kī he mea ngāwari ake me te haumaru ake i ngā kupuhipa. Kaore he mea kua mahalo ai, kaore he mea kua whakataongia ki te tono teka, me kaore he mea e rapu ana i te tākaro kutikuti kupuhipa aunoa. Mēnā tonu koe e whakamahi ana i te kupuhipa, ko te hanga i te kī me te taapiri i a ia e tata ki te rua meneti.

### Te Whakarite Kī mō te Tuatahi

Hanga he toikerekē kī i runga i tō miihini, kaore i runga i te tūmau:

```
ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -C "your-email@example.com"
```

Pāwhiri i te Enter kia whakaae i te wāhi taunoa me te whakatakoto i te kupuhipa pangako i te wa e tonoa ana. Kua rua anō ngā kōnae a koe:

- `~/.ssh/id_ed25519` ko tō kī **whakaringihia**. E kore e whakarunga atu i tō miihini, ā e kore koe e whakatakoto i te wāhi.
- `~/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub` ko tō kī **tūmatanui**. Ko tēnei te mea e hoatu ana koe ki ngā tūmau.

Whakaputa i te kī tūmatanui ā tāruatia te rārangi kotahi katoa, tae atu ki te `ssh-ed25519` mutunga tuatahi me te kōrero whakatai:

```
cat ~/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub
```

I te wa e tīpakohia ai e koe te tūmau, whakatakoto i tērā rārangi ki te mara **Kī Tūmatanui SSH**. Ko te tohu ake o te mara e kōrero pono ana: "Whakatakoto i tō kī tūmatanui hei whakarite i te whakamārama i runga i te kī. Mēnā ka waiho kau, ka tonohia te kupuhipa pūtake ki a koe."

> **Warning:** Kaua e whakatakoto i te huinga o te kōnae kaore `.pub` i te mutunga. Ko tō kī whakaringihia tēnei, ā ko te tangata i tino ai i a ia ka taea te whakatau ki tō mihinui i runga i ia tūmau e whakatautokona e ia. Mēnā e hoki koe i te kī whakaringihia he pohehe anake, hanga he toikerekē anō me te whakakapinga i te kī tūmatanui i ngā wāhi katoa tūturu.

Ki te taapiri i te kī ki te tūmau kua mae kē, hono i te āhuatanga e taea e koe i tēnei rā ā whakakatia te rārangi kī tūmatanui ki `/root/.ssh/authorized_keys`.

## Te Hono Mā te Kupuhipa

Mēnā i waiho kau koe i te mara **Kī Tūmatanui SSH** i te wa o te tīpakohanga, ka tonohia te kupuhipa pūtake ki a koe i te mutunga o te whakarite.

1. Tāruatia te **SSH Whakahau** mai i te kāri Hono.
2. Whakatakoto ki tō terminal ā pēnei pāwhiri i te Enter.
3. Whakatakoto i te kupuhipa pūtake i tonohia i te tōmataiti.

Tuhia kae tērā kupuhipa i te tino tuatahi i te wa e tae atu ai koe, mā `passwd`, ā taapirihia he kī SSH i te wa nei. He kupuhipa i tonohia kua haere nuitanga atu i te āhuatanga e hiahia ana te tohu whakaū.

## Te Whakaari Pūkoro

Ko te **Whakaari Pūkoro** e whakaatu i a koe i te papatohu i roto i a KPanel, kaore he SSH tūmau me te haere atu kaore i te puka 22. Ko te taputapu mō te wā i tuhia ai e koe ake te wāhi e raru ana.

1. Tuwhera i te whārangi o te tūmau ā pāwhiri i te **Whakaari Pūkoro** i roto i ngā pūtake mahi, rānei haere ki `/cloud-servers/<server-id>/console`.
2. Pāwhiri i te **Tīmata papatohu**. Ka tīmata a KPanel i te papatohu i runga i te tūmau i muri i te HTTPS me ngā tohu whakaū aweawe.
3. Ko te **Ingoa Tāngata** me te **Kupuhipa** e whakaaturia ana i te whārangi, me te pūtake **Tāruatia ngā tohu whakaū**. Ka tuwhera te papatohu i roto i te whārangi ake, ā ka tonoa e tō pūkoro tūmatanui koe mō aua tohu whakaū.
4. Mahi i te āhuatanga e mahi ai koe i roto i te takutaku.

> **Note:** Ka mutu noa ngā whakataukī papatohu i muri i te 30 miniti. Ko te tīmata i te whakataukī anō e tohu i ngā tohu whakaū anō, koia kaore he mea e whakarongo tonu ai i te wa i mutu ai koe. Ko te papatohu pūkoro me te rohe whakarite me te HTTPS i runga i te tūmau, ko te āhuatanga o tēnei ko te taupāpānga kua whakautuutunia i roto i te panel. I runga i te tūmau pūkoro, ka kī te papatohu mo tēnei kaore e raru tonu.

Whakamahi i te papatohu ki te whakahaere tika i te ture āhuatanga a rorohiko i te tukituki atu, te tuitui anō i te kupuhipa, rānei te whakaora i te `sshd` whakarite. I te wa i hoki koe i te SSH noa, e kore e hiahia koe ki a ia anō.

## Te Pupuri i te Whakauru SSH Kia Haumaru

Ko te puka 22 e tuwhera tonu ana i runga i te āhuatanga a KapsuleHost, koia kaore te panui āhuatanga koe ka tukituki i a koe atu i te miihini katoa.

Ko te āhuatanga o tēnei ko te haumaru o tō takutaku ka takoto ki te pēhea koe e whakamārama ai, kaore ki te huna i te puka. E rua nga mea e tupu ai te mahi nui:

- **Whakamahi i ngā kī, kaore i ngā kupuhipa.** Ā kore te kupuhipa whakatē he āhuatanga whakatau.
- **Waiho koe i te fail2ban ki te whakahe.** E whakahe kē ana e te taunoa ā ka tutei i ngā adrēs e raru tonu ana i te whakamārama SSH. Ka kitea e koe te pūtake i runga i te whārangi **Tautoko** o te tūmau.

[Te Tautoko Āhuatanga me te Haumaru Tūmau Kapua](https://support.kapsulehost.com/mi-nz/cloud-servers-firewall) ka āpitihia ngā mea e rua nei, me ngā ture tīkanga mō ngā puka e hiahia ana tō taupāpānga ake.

## Te Whakatika Hapa

**"Te hono i tukitukia."** Kaore he mea e whakarongo ana. Tirotiro ko te tūmau e whakaatu ana i te **Tukutuku** i roto i a KPanel, whakatī ake mēnā he utu, ā whakamahi i te papatohu pūkoro ki te tirotiro kei te tukutuku `sshd`.

**"Ko te hono i te whakaroa."** Kaore te tukutuku e tae atu. Whakatūpato koe e whakamahi ana i te adrēs IPv4 mai i te kāri Hono, ā tirotiro mēnā ka tutei e tō rohe ake te puka putanga 22. Etahi rohe whakahaere rānei whare ako e tutei ana.

**"Whakakāore te whakamārama (publickey)."** Kaore te tūmau e tohu i tō kī. Whakatūpato koe i whakatakoto koe i te rārangi `.pub`, pūtahi me te kore whakarereke, ā ko tō tūmau e whakaatu i te kī whakaringihia e tono ā. Taapiri `-v` ki te whakahau ssh ki te kite ko ngā kī i ngana ai.

**"Whakakāore te whakamārama, tēnā anō te ngana" i te kupuhipa.** He kupuhipa he tika kore, rānei kua raupatu te whakamārama kupuhipa i te mea i hoatu ai koe he kī. Whakamahi i te kī, rānei te papatohu pūkoro.

**"KUA HURI TE TOHU KAIHAO TAWHĀNGA."** He āhuatanga tika kē te kī kaihao o te tūmau mai i te mea e mahara ana tō tūmau. Ko tēnei e tūmanako ana i muri i te [whakahaere anō](https://support.kapsulehost.com/mi-nz/cloud-servers-rebuild), na te mea i whakautuutunia anō te pūnaha whakahaere. Tukihia te kupu kahakore mō tērā adrēs IP mai i tō `known_hosts` kōnae ā hono anō. Mēnā kaore koe i whakautuutu whatunga, whakatū me te whakawhiti mai ki a mātou i mua tonu i te hono.

**I tukituki atu i a au tēnei he ture āhuatanga.** Ko te puka 22 ka tuwhera tonu, koia he mea noa tēnei, engari mēnā kua tuteia koe e te ture i roto i te tūmau, whakamahi i te papatohu pūkoro ki te tukihia.

Mēnā kaore te ahunga i runga ake nei ka whakarato i te takutaku ki a koe, īmēra [support@kapsulehost.com](mailto:support@kapsulehost.com) me te ingoa tūmau, te adrēs koe e hono atu ai, me te kupu hapa tika.