# Te Hono ki Tō Pātengi Raraunga mā te Anaputa SSH

Source: https://support.kapsulehost.com/mi-nz/database-ssh-tunnel

Kei te whakarongo noa tō pātengi raraunga mō tō pae ki te wāhitau loopback ake o te tūmau, nā reira kāore e taea e tētahi taputapu papamahi pēnei i te TablePlus, Sequel Ace, DBeaver, MySQL Workbench rānei te waea tika atu ki a ia. Ka hoatu e te tunnel SSH he taunga ā-rohe ki aua taputapu, ka whakaarahia ki te pātengi raraunga, koia te huarahi e whiwhi ai koe i tētahi GUI tōtika ki ō raraunga me te kore e whakatuwhera i te MySQL ki te ipurangi.

## He Aha i Tika Ai he Tunnel

Tuwherahia **Ngā Paetukutuku**, pāwhiritia te pae, kātahi **Putanga Raraunga**. Ka whakaatu te kāri **Ngā taipitopito hononga** i te host hei `127.0.0.1` me te port hei `3306`. Ehara tēnā i te kupu whakakapi noa: he pono tonu, ka whakaae noa te pātengi raraunga ki ngā hononga mai i te miihini e rere ana ia i runga. Kāore he mea i runga i te ipurangi whānui e taea ai te toro atu ki te port 3306, ā, ko tēnei ka whakakore i tētahi momo whakaekenga katoa.

Mā te tunnel SSH e kati haumaru ai tērā āputa. Ka whakatuwherahia e tō kīrere SSH he taunga i runga i tō pae mahi, ka whakamunatia ngā mea katoa e tukuna ana e koe ki reira, ā, ka tukuna ki te pātengi raraunga mai i roto tonu i te tūmau, pērā tonu me he tukanga ā-rohe i hono mai.

![Te ripa Database e whakaatu ana i ngā taipitopito hononga i roto i te KPanel](https://support.kapsulehost.com/help/screenshots/database-ssh-tunnel.84df4ba6.webp)

## Ngā Mea Me Whiwhi Tuatahi

> **Note:** He hononga SSH te tunnel, nā reira me rēhita tuatahi he kī SSH ki te pae i mua i te mahi o tēnei katoa. Whāia tuatahi [Te Tāpiri i ngā Kī SSH ki tētahi Pae](https://support.kapsulehost.com/mi-nz/adding-ssh-keys), kātahi ka hoki mai ki konei.

Kohia ēnei mea e whā:

- **Te host SSH, te port me te ingoa kaiwhakamahi**, mai i **Tautuhinga**, kātahi **Ngā Kī SSH**, kei roto i te kāri **Ngā taipitopito hononga**.
- **Te ingoa pātengi raraunga, te ingoa kaiwhakamahi me te kupuhipa**, mai i **Putanga Raraunga**. Pāwhiritia te whakaahua karu hei whakaatu i te kupuhipa, me te whakaahua tārua hei tuku i a ia ki tō papatopiraro.

Mēnā e kī ana te ripa Database **No database provisioned for this site type**, kāore he pātengi raraunga mō tēnei pae. Ka hangaia ngā pae pūmau me ētahi pae Node.js me te kore e whai pātengi raraunga.

## Te Whakatuwhera i te Tunnel mai i tētahi Tūmatawhenua

Ko te āhua whānui: whakaarahia tētahi taunga ā-rohe ki `127.0.0.1:3306` i tērā taha atu o te hononga SSH.

```sh
ssh -N -L 3307:127.0.0.1:3306 <ssh-username>@<ssh-host> -p <ssh-port>
```

- Mā `-L 3307:127.0.0.1:3306` e whakatuwhera te port 3307 i runga i tō pae mahi, ka whakaarahia ki te port 3306 i runga i te atanga loopback o te tūmau.
- Ko te tikanga o `-N` he kore e whakahaere i tētahi anga, engari kia pupuri noa i te tunnel kia tuwhera.
- Tāpiritia `-i /path/to/key` mēnā ehara te kī mō tēnei pae i tō kī taunoa.

Waiho taua matapihi tūmatawhenua kia rere tonu. I a ia e tuwhera ana, ko `127.0.0.1:3307` i runga i tō pae mahi te pātengi raraunga o te pae.

> **Tip:** Whakamahia te 3307 ā-rohe kaua ko te 3306. Mēnā kua whakaurua e koe te MySQL, MariaDB rānei ki tō ake pae mahi, kua whakamahia kētia te 3306 e ia, ā, ka rahua te tunnel ki te here, ka puta mai te hapa "address already in use". Ka mahi tētahi taunga ā-rohe noa iho e watea ana.

## Te Whakaahu i Tō Kaihoko Pātengi Raraunga ki te Tunnel

I roto i tō kaihoko GUI, hangaia he hononga MySQL māmā me ēnei uara:

| Āpure | Uara |
|---|---|
| Host | `127.0.0.1` |
| Port | `3307` (koia te taunga ā-rohe i whakaarahia e koe) |
| User | Te **Username** mai i te ripa Database |
| Password | Te **Password** mai i te ripa Database |
| Database | Te ingoa **Putanga Raraunga** mai i te ripa Database |

Kaua e tāpiri i te host SSH ki te āpure Host. Mō te kaihoko, he kōrero noa ia ki tētahi pātengi raraunga kei runga tonu i tō ake pae mahi.

### Ngā Kaihoko Whai Ripa SSH ā-Roto

Ka taea e te TablePlus, Sequel Ace, DBeaver me te MySQL Workbench te whakahaere i te tunnel mā rātou anō, ā, mā tēnei e kore ai e tika kia tuwhera tonu tētahi tūmatawhenua. Whakakīia ngā rōpū āpure e rua:

- **Wāhanga SSH**: te host, te port, te ingoa kaiwhakamahi me te kōnae kī motuhake mai i te whārangi Ngā Kī SSH.
- **Wāhanga Database**: te host `127.0.0.1`, te port `3306`, me te ingoa pātengi raraunga, te kaiwhakamahi me te kupuhipa mai i te ripa Database.

I te wā e hanga ana te kaihoko i te tunnel, whakamahia `3306` i roto i te wāhanga pātengi raraunga, kaua ko tō taunga ā-rohe i whakaarahia. Kei te hono te kaihoko mai i te tirohanga a te tūmau, nā reira ka kite ia i te port pono.

## Te Whakamahi i te phpMyAdmin Hei Whakakapi

Mēnā he titiro poto noa ki tētahi ripanga tāu e hiahia ana, kāore koe e hiahia tunnel. Kei te ripa Database tētahi kāri **phpMyAdmin** me tētahi pātene **Tuwhera te phpMyAdmin**. Ka whakaurua koe mā roto i te KPanel, nā reira kāore he kupuhipa motuhake hei maharatia, ā, ka tuwhera ki tētahi ripa hou kua whakaahu kētia ki te pātengi raraunga o tēnei pae.

Ko te phpMyAdmin te huarahi tere ake mō te tirotiro, mō te whakahaere i tētahi patapatai kotahi, mō te tirotiro rānei i tētahi uara. He pai ake te kaihoko papamahi mā roto i te tunnel mō ngā kaweake nui, mō te mahi hanganga, me ngā mea katoa e hiahia ana koe ki te tuhi kōwae. Tirohia [Te Whakamahi i te phpMyAdmin](https://support.kapsulehost.com/mi-nz/sites-phpmyadmin) mō te huarahi pūtirotiro.

## Te Whakahaere i ngā Patapatai me ngā Kaweake mā roto i te Tunnel

I te wā e tuwhera ana te tunnel, ka mahi ngā taputapu rārangi whakahau paerewa pēnei tonu me mua, kua whakaahu ki tō taunga ā-rohe i whakaarahia:

```sh
mysql -h 127.0.0.1 -P 3307 -u <db-user> -p <db-name>

mysqldump -h 127.0.0.1 -P 3307 -u <db-user> -p <db-name> > backup.sql
```

> **Warning:** He kape whakamāmā noa tētahi kaweake ā-ringa, ehara i te rautaki haumi. Kei te tika noa a tae ki te wā i whakahaeretia ai e koe, ā, kei te noho noa i runga i te pae mahi i whakahaeretia ai e koe. Kua whakahaeretia kētia e KapsuleHost ngā haumi ā-rā aunoa o te pae, kua pupurutia mō ngā rā 30. Tirohia [Te Hanga i tētahi Haumi](https://support.kapsulehost.com/mi-nz/taking-a-backup) i mua i tō whakawhirinaki ki tētahi kōnae `.sql` ā-rohe.

## Te Whakatika Raru

**"Address already in use" i te whakatuwheratanga o te tunnel.** Kei runga i tō pae mahi kē tētahi mea e whakamahi ana i taua taunga ā-rohe. Kōwhiria tētahi atu, hei tauira `-L 3399:127.0.0.1:3306`, ka huri i te port i roto i tō kaihoko kia rite.

**"Connection refused" mai i te kaihoko pātengi raraunga.** Kāore te tunnel e rere ana. Tirohia mēnā kei te rere tonu te tūmatawhenua SSH, kāore hoki i puta he hapa, ā, kei te rite te port i roto i tō kaihoko ki te taunga ā-rohe kei roto i te taunga `-L`.

**Ka hono te SSH engari ka roa tonu te kaihoko ki te taea.** Whakaūngia kua whakaarahia e koe ki `127.0.0.1:3306`, kaua ki te ingoa tūmau tūmatawhenua. Mā te whakaaraha ki te ingoa tūmatawhenua, ka tono ki te tūmau kia toro atu ki te pātengi raraunga mā roto i te ipurangi, koia tonu te mea e ārairia ana.

**"Access denied for user".** I tutuki te takiuru SSH engari he hē ngā kaupapa whakaū MySQL. Tārua anō te ingoa kaiwhakamahi me te kupuhipa mai i te ripa Database mā ngā whakaahua tārua, kaua e tuhi anō, ā, tirohia kei te hono koe ki te ingoa pātengi raraunga tika.

**Permission denied (publickey) i mua tonu i tō taenga ki te MySQL.** Ko te papa SSH tērā, ehara i te pātengi raraunga. Whakatutukihia te wāhanga whakatika raru kei roto i [Te Tāpiri i ngā Kī SSH ki tētahi Pae](https://support.kapsulehost.com/mi-nz/adding-ssh-keys).

## Ko Hea Atu

- Ka whakamahi [Te Tuku Kōnae mā te SFTP](https://support.kapsulehost.com/mi-nz/sftp-access) i ngā kaupapa whakaū SSH kotahi mō te whakawhiti kōnae.
- [Te Whakamahi i te phpMyAdmin](https://support.kapsulehost.com/mi-nz/sites-phpmyadmin) mō te mahi pātengi raraunga mā te pūtirotiro.
- [Te Whakahoki mai i tētahi Haumi](https://support.kapsulehost.com/mi-nz/restoring-from-backup) mēnā kua hipa ake tētahi patapatai i tō i hiahia ai.