# Te Hono atu mā te SFTP: FileZilla, Cyberduck, me te Raina Whakahau Source: https://support.kapsulehost.com/mi-nz/sftp-access SFTP (Secure File Transfer Protocol) ka whakawhiwhi i a koe ki te urunga tika ki ngā kōnae o tō pae ki runga i te tūmau. Kei roto i tēnei aratohu ngā mea katoa e hiahiatia ana e koe kia tūhonohono angitu ai, mai i te kimi i ō kaute tae noa ki te whakatika raru. ## He Aha a SFTP, ā, Āhea Whakamahia Ai He mea whaihua te kaiwhakahaere kōnae kua whakaurua ki roto i a KPanel mō ngā whakarerekētanga tere: te whakaingoa anō i tētahi kōnae, te tirotiro i tētahi whirihoranga, te tuku i tētahi rawa kotahi rānei. Ko SFTP te taputapu tika ina hiahiatia ana e koe ētahi atu mea: - Te tuku ake, te tuku iho rānei i ngā maha o ngā kōnae i te wā kotahi (te neke pae, te tuku pikitia pukahuka). - Te kawe i ngā kōnae nunui ka mōnehu i roto i te tuku pūtirotiro ipurangi. - Te mahi hei wāhanga o tētahi tukanga whanaketanga e whakatika ai koe i ngā kōnae ā-rohe ka pana ai i ngā panoni. - Te whakamahi i tētahi kiritaki GUI e taea ai e koe te pupuri i tētahi kōpaki ā-rohe me tētahi mamao kia rite tonu ai. - Te uru atu ki ngā rārangi kōrero (logs), ngā kōnae whirihoranga rānei kāore i te whakaatuhia mā te kaiwhakahaere kōnae a KPanel. Ka whakamunatia e SFTP ngā raraunga katoa i a ia e kawea ana, nā reira he haumaru ake tēnei i te FTP kōpakipaki noa. Kāore a KapsuleHost e tuku i ngā hononga FTP kāore i te whakamunatia. ![Ngā taipitopito hononga SSH me SFTP mō tētahi pae i roto i a KPanel](https://support.kapsulehost.com/help/screenshots/sftp-access.df4a2e3e.webp) ## Ngā Mea e Tika ana Kia Rite Tōmua I mua i tō tūhonohono, me rite ētahi mea e rua. **1. He kī SSH kua tāpirihia ki tō pae i roto i a KPanel.** Ka whakamahi a SFTP i runga i a KapsuleHost i te motuhēhēnga kī SSH. Kua monoa te motuhēhēnga kupuhipa mō te haumarutanga. Mēnā kāore anō koe kia tāpiri i tō kī tūmatanui SSH, whāia tuatahitia te aratohu [Te Tāpiri i ngā Kī SSH ki tō Pae](https://support.kapsulehost.com/mi-nz/adding-ssh-keys), kātahi ka hoki mai ki konei. **2. Tō ingoa kaiwhakamahi pae.** Ia pae i runga i a KapsuleHost he kaiwhakamahi pūnaha motuhake tōna. Ehara tēnei i tō wāhitau īmēra KPanel. He ingoa kaiwhakamahi poto e here ana ki taua pae anake. Ki te kimi i tēnei: 1. Takiuru ki KPanel i [kpanel.kapsulehost.com](https://kpanel.kapsulehost.com). 2. Pāwhiritia **Ngā Paetukutuku** i te taha maui. 3. Pāwhiritia te pae e hiahia ana koe kia tūhonohono. 4. Haere ki te whārangi **SSH / SFTP**. 5. Ka whakaatuhia tō ingoa kaiwhakamahi pae i runga ake o tēnei ripa. He rite tonu ki `mysite_com`, ki `myexamplesite_net` rānei. **Ngā taipitopito hononga i te tirohanga poto:** | Āpure | Uara | |---|---| | Kaihautū (Host) | `cp1-kapsule.kapsulehost.com` | | Tauranga (Port) | `22` | | Tikanga (Protocol) | SFTP (ehara i te FTP, ehara i te FTPS) | | Motuhēhēnga | Kī SSH anake | | Ingoa kaiwhakamahi | Tō ingoa kaiwhakamahi pae (nō KPanel > Websites > [pae] > Settings > SFTP) | --- ## Te Tūhonohono mā FileZilla He kiritaki SFTP koreutu, ā, e mahi ana ki ngā pūnaha maha, a FileZilla mā Windows, macOS, me Linux. Tikina mai i [filezilla-project.org](https://filezilla-project.org) mēnā kāore anō kei a koe. ### Ngā Whakaritenga Takahanga ki te Takahanga 1. Whakatuwheratia a FileZilla. 2. Haere ki **File > Site Manager** (pāwhiritia rānei `Ctrl+S` i runga i Windows / `Cmd+S` i runga i Mac). 3. Pāwhiritia **Tāpiria he Website** ka hoatu he ingoa (hei tauira, "My KapsuleHost Site"). 4. I te ripa **General**, whirihorangia ngā āpure e whai ake nei: | Āpure | Uara | |---|---| | Tikanga (Protocol) | **SFTP - SSH File Transfer Protocol** | | Kaihautū (Host) | `cp1-kapsule.kapsulehost.com` | | Tauranga (Port) | `22` | | Momo Takiuru | **Kōnae kī (Key file)** | | Kaiwhakamahi | Tō ingoa kaiwhakamahi pae (hei tauira, `mysite_com`) | | Kōnae kī | Pāwhiritia **Tirotiro (Browse)** ka whakatere ki tō kōnae kī tūmataiti | 5. Mō te kōnae kī, kōwhiritia te kī tūmataiti e hāngai ana ki te kī tūmatanui i tāpirihia e koe ki KPanel. I runga i macOS me Linux, he mea rongoā ngā kī tūmataiti ki `~/.ssh/` (hei tauira, `~/.ssh/id_ed25519`, `~/.ssh/id_rsa` rānei). I runga i Windows, kei `C:\Users\YourName\.ssh\` te nuinga. > **Note:** Mēnā he kupuoro tō kī tūmataiti, ka tono a FileZilla ki a koe kia tāurutia i te wā e tūhonohono ai koe. He mea noa tēnei. Ka tiaki te kupuoro i tō kōnae kī tūmataiti, ā, he mea motuhake tēnei i tētahi kupuhipa KapsuleHost. 6. Pāwhiritia **Connect** hei whakamātau i te hononga, pāwhiritia rānei **OK** hei tiaki me te tūhonohono i tētahi wā kē. ### Te Tiaki me te Tūhonohono Anō Ina kua tiakina ki te Site Manager, ka taea e koe te tūhonohono anō i ngā wā katoa mā te haere ki **File > Site Manager** ka pāwhiri ai i **Connect**. Ka whakaatu hoki a FileZilla i ō pae kua tiakina i roto i te tautuhinga whakahekeheke i runga i te paeutauta mō te urunga tere. > **Tip:** I roto i te Site Manager a FileZilla, tīkina te pouaka tohu **Always trust this host** i te wā tuatahi e tūhonohono ai koe kia kaua ai e puta anō te pātai kī kaihautū i ngā tūhononga ā muri ake. --- ## Te Tūhonohono mā Cyberduck He kiritaki SFTP koreutu a Cyberduck mō macOS me Windows. Tikina mai i [cyberduck.io](https://cyberduck.io). ### Ngā Whakaritenga Takahanga ki te Takahanga 1. Whakatuwheratia a Cyberduck. 2. Pāwhiritia **Open Connection** (te ata whenua i te paeutauta). 3. Mai i te whakahekeheke tikanga i te pito o runga o te pouaka kōrero, kōwhiritia **SFTP (SSH File Transfer Protocol)**. 4. Whakakīia ngā āpure hononga: | Āpure | Uara | |---|---| | Tūmau (Server) | `cp1-kapsule.kapsulehost.com` | | Tauranga (Port) | `22` | | Ingoa kaiwhakamahi | Tō ingoa kaiwhakamahi pae (hei tauira, `mysite_com`) | | Kupuhipa | Waiho kia wātea | | Kī Tūmataiti SSH | Pāwhiritia **Choose** ka kōwhiri i tō kōnae kī tūmataiti | 5. Pāwhiritia **Connect**. I te tūhonohono tuatahi, ka pātai a Cyberduck ki a koe kia manatokohia te matawhenua kī kaihautū o te tūmau. Pāwhiritia **Allow** kia haere tonu ai. Mēnā ka kite koe i tēnei pātai i tētahi hononga ā muri ake me tētahi matawhenua rerekē, kaua e whakaae, whakapātia atu ki te tautoko, nā te mea tērā pea e tohu ana i tētahi whakarerekētanga whirihoranga. ### Te Tiaki hei Tohutoro (Bookmark) Hei tiaki i te hononga mō te whakamahinga ā muri ake: 1. Whai muri i te tūhonohono angitu, haere ki **Bookmark > New Bookmark** (pāwhiritia rānei `Cmd+Shift+B` i runga i Mac). 2. Hoatu he ingoa mō te tohutoro, kātahi ka katia te pouaka kōrero. Ka puta te tohutoro i tō rārangi tohutoro Cyberduck. --- ## Te Tūhonohono mai i te Pātuhi (Mac, Linux, WSL rānei) Mēnā e hiahia ana koe ki te raina whakahau, kei te wātea te whakahau `sftp` i runga i macOS, Linux, me te Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL). ### Te Tūhonohono Taketake ```bash sftp mysite_com@cp1-kapsule.kapsulehost.com ``` Whakakapihia `mysite_com` ki tō ingoa kaiwhakamahi pae pono. Mēnā kāore tō kī tūmataiti i te wāhi taunoa (`~/.ssh/id_rsa`, `~/.ssh/id_ed25519` rānei), tohua mā te haki `-i`: ```bash sftp -i ~/.ssh/your_private_key mysite_com@cp1-kapsule.kapsulehost.com ``` I te tūhonohono tuatahi, ka pātaihia koe kia whakaū i te matawhenua kaihautū o te tūmau. Pātohia `yes`, pēhia ai te Enter. Kotahi anake tēnei e tūpono ai mō ia kī, mō ia pūrere. ### Ngā Whakahau SFTP Whaihua Ina kua tūhonohono, ka kite koe i te pūkaki `sftp>`. Whakamahia ēnei whakahau hei whakaterenga me te kawe kōnae: | Whakahau | Te Mahi e Mahia Ana | |---|---| | `ls` | Whakarārangi i ngā kōnae kei te kōnae tīpaka mamao o nāianei | | `lls` | Whakarārangi i ngā kōnae kei te kōnae tīpaka ā-rohe o nāianei | | `cd [dir]` | Huri kōnae tīpaka i te tūmau mamao | | `lcd [dir]` | Huri kōnae tīpaka i tō pūrere ā-rohe | | `pwd` | Whakaatu i te ara kōnae tīpaka mamao o nāianei | | `lpwd` | Whakaatu i te ara kōnae tīpaka ā-rohe o nāianei | | `get [file]` | Tuku iho i tētahi kōnae mai i te mamao ki te ā-rohe | | `get -r [dir]` | Tuku iho i tētahi kōnae tīpaka mā te anamata | | `put [file]` | Tuku ake i tētahi kōnae mai i te ā-rohe ki te mamao | | `put -r [dir]` | Tuku ake i tētahi kōnae tīpaka mā te anamata | | `rm [file]` | Muku i tētahi kōnae i te tūmau mamao | | `mkdir [dir]` | Hanga i tētahi kōnae tīpaka i te tūmau mamao | | `quit` | Kati i te hononga SFTP | **Tauira: te tuku iho i tētahi kōnae** ```bash sftp> cd htdocs/wp-content/themes sftp> get my-theme.zip ``` **Tauira: te tuku ake i tētahi kōnae** ```bash sftp> lcd ~/Desktop sftp> cd htdocs/wp-content/uploads sftp> put my-image.jpg ``` --- ## Kei Hea Ō Kōnae Whai muri i te tūhonohono, ka tau koe ki te kōnae tīpaka kāinga o tō kaiwhakamahi pae: `/home/[siteuser]/`. Ko tēnei te hanganga kōnae tīpaka: ``` /home/mysite_com/ ├── htdocs/ ← Your web root (main location for site files) │ ├── index.php │ ├── wp-config.php │ ├── wp-content/ │ │ ├── themes/ │ │ ├── plugins/ │ │ └── uploads/ │ └── ... ├── logs/ ← PHP and access logs └── tmp/ ← Temporary files ``` Ko te pakiaka ipurangi kei reira tō WordPress (ētahi atu tono rānei) ko `htdocs/`. Koinei te kōnae tīpaka ka whakapaua ai e koe te nuinga o tō wā. I ētahi whirihoranga pae, tērā pea ka tapaina ko `public_html/` kē. Mēnā ka tūhonohono koe, ā, ka kite koe i a `public_html/` kaua i a `htdocs/`, whakamahia tērā. > **Note:** Ka taea noa iho e koe te uru atu ki ngā kōnae nō tō kaiwhakamahi pae. Kāore e taea e koe te whakatere ki runga ake i a `/home/[siteuser]/`, te uru atu rānei ki ngā kōnae tīpaka a ētahi atu kiritaki. He mea hoahoa tēnei. --- ## Te Whakatika Raru Hononga ### "Connection refused" I whakakorehia marangai te hononga i mua i tōna whakatūnga. **Tirohia:** Whakaūtia kei te whakamahi koe i te kaihautū `cp1-kapsule.kapsulehost.com`, me te tauranga `22`. He hapa noa te whakauru i te tauranga `21` (he FTP tērā, ehara i te SFTP) he hapa patuhi rānei i te ingoa kaihautū. ### "Permission denied (publickey)" I whakaaetia e te tūmau te ngana hononga, engari i whakakāhoretia tō motuhēhēnga. **Tirohia ia o ēnei:** - Kua tāpirihia tō kī tūmatanui SSH ki **KPanel > Websites > [pae] > Settings > SSH Keys**. Mēnā kāore i reira, kāore he mōhiohio a te tūmau mōna. - Kua kōwhiritia e koe te kī tūmataiti tika i roto i a FileZilla/Cyberduck, arā, te kī tūmataiti e hono ana ki te kī tūmatanui i tāpirihia e koe ki KPanel. - Mēnā he kupuoro tō kī, whakaūtia kei te tāuru tika koe. - Mēnā he maha ō kī, whakaūtia kāore koe e kōwhiri pōhēhē i tētahi kē. ### "Host key verification failed" Kua kite tō kiritaki SFTP i tētahi kī kaihautū rerekē mō tēnei ingoa kaihautū i mua, ā, kei te whakatūpato ia i a koe mō te rerekētanga. **I te tūhonohono tuatahi:** Ka pātaihia koe kia whakaae ki te matawhenua. He mea noa tēnei. Pāwhiritia Accept, pātohia rānei `yes`. **I tētahi tūhonohono ā muri ake me tētahi matawhenua hou:** Ka taea tēnei te tohu i tētahi whakarerekētanga whirihoranga i te tūmau. Whakapātia atu ki te tautoko i [support@kapsulehost.com](mailto:support@kapsulehost.com) i mua i te whakaae, ā, kōrerotia atu te mea i kitea e koe. Hei muku i tētahi kī kaihautū tawhito i te pātuhi, whakatikaina `~/.ssh/known_hosts` ka tango ai i te rārangi mō `cp1-kapsule.kapsulehost.com`. ### "Could not read from remote repository" Rānei te Kōnae Tīpaka Hē Tērā pea i whakamahia e koe tō wāhitau īmēra KPanel hei ingoa kaiwhakamahi, kaua ko tō ingoa kaiwhakamahi pae. **Tirohia:** Me noho te ingoa kaiwhakamahi hei ingoa kaiwhakamahi pae (hei tauira, `mysite_com`), kaua ko tō wāhitau īmēra. Kimihia te ingoa kaiwhakamahi tika i **KPanel > Websites > [pae] > Settings > SFTP**. ### Ka Pau te Wā o te Hononga Ka taupē te ngana hononga, kātahi ka pau te wā, kāore he hapa e puta mai ana. **Ngā take tūpono:** - Tērā pea kua ārairia noatia tō wāhitau IP e te ahi-ārai a KapsuleHost nā te maha o ngā ngana takiuru i rahua. Whakapātia atu ki te tautoko i [support@kapsulehost.com](mailto:support@kapsulehost.com), ā, tonoa rātou kia tirohia te rārangi kōrero ahi-ārai. - Tērā pea e ārai ana tētahi ahi-ārai ā-rohe, tētahi VPN rānei i tō whatunga i ngā tūhononga haere atu i te tauranga 22. Whakamātauria mai i tētahi atu whatunga (hei tauira, hotspot pūkoro) hei whakakore i tēnei take. --- ## Ngā Tuhinga Whai Pānga - [Te Tāpiri i ngā Kī SSH ki tō Pae](https://support.kapsulehost.com/mi-nz/adding-ssh-keys) - [Te Whakamahi i te Kaiwhakahaere Kōnae i roto i a KPanel](https://support.kapsulehost.com/mi-nz/file-manager) - [Te Tūhonohono ki tō Pātengi Raraunga mā te Ara Tūnoa SSH](https://support.kapsulehost.com/mi-nz/database-ssh-tunnel)